<p begin="00:00:07.614" end="00:00:09.333" style="s2">- [Voiceover] A linear array transducer</p>
<p begin="00:00:09.333" end="00:00:11.543" style="s2">with a musculoskeletal exam type</p>
<p begin="00:00:11.543" end="00:00:14.208" style="s2">is used to perform an<br />ultrasound examination</p>
<p begin="00:00:14.208" end="00:00:15.958" style="s2">of plantar fasciitis.</p>
<p begin="00:00:16.867" end="00:00:19.076" style="s2">The patient is placed in a prone position</p>
<p begin="00:00:19.076" end="00:00:21.295" style="s2">with the foot extending beyond the bed</p>
<p begin="00:00:21.295" end="00:00:24.106" style="s2">and positioned in a neutral position.</p>
<p begin="00:00:24.106" end="00:00:26.967" style="s2">The transducer is placed<br />over the sole of the foot</p>
<p begin="00:00:26.967" end="00:00:29.948" style="s2">in a longitudinal fashion<br />with the orientation marker</p>
<p begin="00:00:29.948" end="00:00:32.493" style="s2">directed toward the patient's head.</p>
<p begin="00:00:32.493" end="00:00:34.508" style="s2">The thick sole of the foot can be seen</p>
<p begin="00:00:34.508" end="00:00:36.850" style="s2">as a complex patterned structure</p>
<p begin="00:00:36.850" end="00:00:39.229" style="s2">immediately below the surface of the skin</p>
<p begin="00:00:39.229" end="00:00:41.687" style="s2">overlying the calcaneus that appears as</p>
<p begin="00:00:41.687" end="00:00:44.548" style="s2">a bright, hyperechoic structure.</p>
<p begin="00:00:44.548" end="00:00:46.321" style="s2">The plantar fascia can be seen</p>
<p begin="00:00:46.321" end="00:00:49.889" style="s2">as a hyperechoic, linear,<br />fibrillar structure</p>
<p begin="00:00:49.889" end="00:00:52.360" style="s2">that begins at the calcaneal cortex</p>
<p begin="00:00:52.360" end="00:00:55.127" style="s2">and extends through the base of the foot.</p>
<p begin="00:00:55.127" end="00:00:57.323" style="s2">The thickness of the plantar fascia</p>
<p begin="00:00:57.323" end="00:01:00.118" style="s2">should be determined at the<br />proximal end of the fascia</p>
<p begin="00:01:00.118" end="00:01:02.427" style="s2">at the calcaneal attachment.</p>
<p begin="00:01:02.427" end="00:01:04.781" style="s2">Plantar fasciitis is suggested</p>
<p begin="00:01:04.781" end="00:01:08.119" style="s2">when the plantar fascia<br />has decreased echogenicity</p>
<p begin="00:01:08.119" end="00:01:11.202" style="s2">or is greater than 4 mm in thickness.</p>